HaerengaNZ is an independent revision platform for students. These notes, practice questions, mind maps, and learning tools are provided for study support only.
HaerengaNZ is not affiliated with, endorsed by, sponsored by, or formally connected to the University of Otago, Health Sciences First Year, HUBS191, CELS191, or any University department. Course names and paper codes are used only to identify the study areas that students may be revising.
HaerengaNZ materials are intended to help students practise recall, compare concepts, and organise revision. They are not official course materials, assessment advice, or a substitute for lectures, tutorials, laboratories, official paper outlines, or University guidance.